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Standard-Chinese Pronunciation Chart:
汉语普通话发音表:
han4yu3 pu3tong1hua1 fa1yin1 biao3
The purpose of this webpage is to teach the student how to practice Chinese pronunciation. Please click here for information about how to download all of the information contained on this webpage.
这个网页的目标是给学生介绍如何联系汉语发音。 如果您想了解如何下载这个网页的所有文件，请点击此连接。
I. Chinese Pinyin 汉语拼音
1. Syllables 音节
2. Tones 声调
a. Tone Pronunciation Diagram
b. Notes
II. Table of Consonant (Initials) and Vowel (Finals) Bound Combinations in Standard Chinese Speech 汉语普通话声韵母拼合表
1. Pronunciation Practice Tips
2. Chinese Pronunciation Chart 汉语发音表
III. How to download all of the Chinese Pronunciation files 关于如何下载所有的汉语发音文件
I. Chinese Pinyin 汉语拼音:
The pronunciation 发音 of Chinese characters has been romanized into a phonetic system called Pinyin. For any given character, the pinyin will provide the reader two pieces of pronunciation information:
1. the syllable 音节 (yin1jie2)
2. the tone 声调 (sheng1diao4)
For example, according to the dictionary, the pinyin for the character 把 is "ba3". When looking at the pinyin for a character, in this case "ba3", we can divide the pinyin into it's respective syllable and tone by using the following rule:
Rule: The alphabetic letters before the number is the syllable, the trailing number after the syllable is the tone (see note 3)
Using the above rule, the syllable for 把 is "ba" and the tone for 把 is "3"
1. Syllables 音节:
A syllable is composed of two components:
1. the Initial 声母 (sheng1mu3), which can be roughly equated to the beginning (initial) consonant portion of the syllable
2. the Final 韵母 (yun4mu3), which can be roughly equated to the ending (final) vowel portion of the syllable
In the case of ba3, the initial is "b" because it is the consonant of the syllable and the final is "a" because it is the vowel of the syllable.
In Chinese, there are approximately 25 initials and 35 finals which when combined together gives a possible 900 total syllables. The...
Table of Consonant (Initials) and Vowel (Finals) Bound Combinations in Standard Chinese Speech 汉语普通话声韵母拼合表 in this web page allows you to practice pronunciation for all of the Chinese syllables.
2. Tones 声调:
There are 5 pronunciation tones in the Chinese language. What this means is that for any given character's syllable, the tone that will be attached to the end of the syllable will have one of five possible tones (see note 1). The 5 tones are explained below and shown visually in a graph:
1. The First Tone 第一声 (di4yi1sheng1) is spoken with a high and level pitch. It is spoken in the
speaker's upper voice range. In the below diagram, it is indicated by the red line.
2. The Second Tone 第二声 (di4er4sheng1) is spoken with a rising pitch. It starts at the speaker's
mid-range voice and then rises to the upper range. In the diagram below, it is indicated by the
green line.
3. The Third Tone 第三声 (di4san1sheng1) is spoken with a dipping pitch. It starts below the
speaker's mid-range, dips down to the low-range and then rises to above the mid-range. In the
diagram below, it is indicated by the blue line.
4. The Fourth Tone 第四声 (di4si4sheng1) is spoken with a falling pitch. It starts near the speaker's
upper-range and then falls rapidly. In the diagram below, it is indicated by the purple line.
5. The Fifth Tone 轻声 (qing1sheng4) is spoken with a neutral tone. It is unstressed and is spoken
with a light and lax middle pitch.
The following graph illustrates the vocal quality/direction of each tone:
The colored lines indicate the direction of the voice for each of the respective tones. The numeric
scale on the right of the diagram indicates voice-range with 5 indicating the upper-pitch of the voice
and 1 indicating the lower-pitch of the voice.
a. Tone Pronunciation Diagram:
The following examples will clarify how to use tones when pronouncing syllables. Click on the links for each of the examples to hear the teacher's pronunciation. As you listen to the pronunciation, notice how the vocal direction of each tone conforms to the visual direction of the tone depicted in the above Tone Pronunciation Diagram.
1. First Tone Example: 八ba1
- The syllable for the character 八 is
ba (initial is "b", final is "a") and is pronounced in the 第一声 (di4yi1sheng1).2. Second Tone Example: 拔ba2
- The syllable for the character 拔 is ba (initial
is "b", final is "a") and is pronounced in the Second Tone 第二声 (di4er4sheng1).3. Third Tone Example: 把ba3
- The syllable for the character 把 is ba (initial
is "b", final is "a") and is pronounced in the Third Tone 第三声 (di4san1sheng1).4. Fourth Tone Example: 爸ba4
- The syllable for the character 爸 is ba (initial
is "b", final is "a") and is pronounced in the Fourth Tone 第四声 (di4si4sheng1).5. Fifth Tone Example: 吧ba
- The syllable for the character 吧 is ba (initial is "b", final is "a") and is pronounced in the Fifth Tone 轻声 (qing1sheng1) (see note 2.)b. Notes:
1. Sometimes one character can have multiple tones and/or multiple syllables, depending on how it is defined. For example, if you look-up the character 干 in a dictionary, you will find that it has 2 possible tonal pronunciations: gan1 and gan4. If you look up the character 长 in the dictionary, you will find that it has 2 possible syllables: zhang (pronounced in the third tone and chang pronounced in the second tone). Characters possessing multiple tones and syllables is quite normal and is one of the characteristics of the language.
2. When a character is pronounced in the Fifth Tone, the tone number will not be indicated after the syllable. For example, there is no number after the syllable for 吧 ba, so this tells the reader to pronounce the character using Fifth Tone 轻声 (qing1sheng1).
3. All of the web pages and documents on this website use the syllable+tone number method of phonetic pinyin to convey Chinese character pronunciation. However, an alternative way to notate the tone for a syllable is by placing a symbol over the vowel in the syllable. When looking at documents that contain pinyin, you're also likely to see the following convention used:
This form of notation tells the reader: the horizontal dash indicates First Tone, the rising left-to-right mark indicates Second Tone, the inverted carot mark indicates Third Tone, the falling left-to-right mark indicates Fourth Tone. The final ba contains no mark over it, so it should be read in the Fifth Tone.
II. Table of Consonant (Initials) and Vowel (Finals) Bound Combinations in
Standard Chinese Speech 汉语普通话声韵母拼合表:
The pronunciation chart below contains all of the syllables in the Chinese language. The Finals 韵母 (vowels) are listed across the top of the chart and the Initials 声母 (consonants) are listed vertically along the left-hand side of chart. Please note that for purposes of conserving space on this web page, all of the pinyin pronunciation recordings are read in the First Tone 第一声 (di4yi1sheng1). If you wish to pronounce any of the pinyin using 2nd - 5th tone, then you must change the pronunciation of your own voice according to the tone you wish to pronounce.
For example:
If you wish to pronounce ba1
:...in the Second Tone 第二声 (di4er4sheng1),
then you must change your pronunciation to the second tone: ba2
...in the Third Tone 第三声 (di4san1sheng1),
then you must change your pronunciation to the third tone: ba3
...in Fourth Tone 第四声 (di4si4sheng1),
then you must change your pronunciation to the fourth tone: ba4
...in Fifth Tone 轻声 (qing1sheng1),
then you must change your pronunciation to the fifth tone: ba
1. Pronunciation Practice Tips:
When practicing pronunciation, first focus on getting the pronunciation of the individual Finals 韵母 clear and precise. Then, add the Initial 声母 to the front of the Final 韵母 to create and pronounce the complete syllables. You should practice the syllables until they are spoken clearly and with precision. Last, add the 5 Tones 声调 to each of the syllables; practice every one of the syllables using each of the 5 respective tones.
For example:
1. first practice the Final 韵母 "a-"
2. second, add the Initial 声母 "b" to the front of the Final 韵母 "a-" to create the syllable "ba".
3. last, practice the syllable "ba" in sequence using all five tones:
a. ba1
b. ba2
c. ba3
d. ba4
e. ba
You can alternate through all of the Finals 韵母 and Initials 声母 in the Chinese Pronunciation Chart below, and by alternating Tones 声调, use this practice method to practice pronunciation for all of the syllables in the Chinese language. I also recommend downloading all of the pronunciation files and putting them on your MP3 player. In this way you can conveniently practice pronunciation wherever you happen to be.